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Valuing wind as a distributed energy resource: A literature review
As more distributed energy resources are deployed on electric grid systems across the world, it is important to identify, characterize, and quantify the value elements of different types of distributed energy resources so that policymakers, developers, and utilities can make infor...
Barrows, S. et al Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Nov 30, 2021
Supply Chain Cybersecurity Recommendations for Solar Photovoltaics
Solar photovoltaic (PV) cybersecurity is a growing field of research. As deployments of solar PV has increased, cyber risk has also increased. However, utility solar PV installations are not required to comply with North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) Critical In...
Cryar, R. et al NLR
Jul 31, 2023
Cybersecurity Certification Standard for Distributed Energy and Inverter-Based Resources
NREL and UL co-presented on their joint effort to develop a cybersecurity certification standard for distributed energy resources (DERs) at a meeting of the Cybersecurity Advisory Team for State Solar (CATSS). The advisory team is hosted by NASEO and NARUC. The presentation outlin...
Saleem, D. and Slowinske, M. NLR
Jan 23, 2022
Cybersecurity in Photovoltaic Plant Operations
This paper provides practical information for PV plant operators regarding cybersecurity. Plans to integrate photovoltaic generation into utility systems requires that cybersecurity be considered in every aspect from customer data to business information to plant monitoring and co...
Walker, A. et al NLR
Feb 28, 2021
Cyber Security Primer for DER Vendors, Aggregators, and Grid Operators
This report provides an introduction to cyber security for distributed energy resources (DER)—such as photovoltaic (PV) inverters and energy storage systems (ESS). This material is motivated by the need to assist DER vendors, aggregators, grid operators, and broader PV industry ...
Carter, C. et al Sandia National Laboratories
Jul 31, 2017
DER Cybersecurity RandD
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted more than 30 assessments for utilities across the United States with a cybersecurity assessment tool based on the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (C2M2) and the National Institute of ...
Reynolds, T. and Sanghvi, A. NLR
Mar 30, 2026
A Solar Hosting Capacity Analysis on a Synthetic Rural Alaska Microgrid Model
The report discusses procedures used to conduct a hosting capacity analysis (HCA) on a synthetic Alaskan microgrid model. This includes the test case used, assumptions in the analysis, and the several algorithms implemented. The maximum distribution transformer and line loading o...
Francisco, A. et al University of Alaska Fairbanks
Apr 24, 2025
OpenDSS
OpenDSS (the Open Distribution System Simulator) is a comprehensive, open‑source simulation tool originally developed by EPRI for modeling electric utility distribution systems. It supports steady‑state and time‑series power flow analysis on unbalanced, three‑phase network...
Electric Power Research Institute
Dec 31, 2024
Creation of a Synthetic Rural Alaskan Microgrid Model
Describes the development of a synthetic benchmark power-system model representing a rural Alaskan island microgrid while avoiding disclosure of confidential critical-infrastructure data. Summarizes the methodology used to create the synthetic grid and evaluates performance throug...
Francisco, A. University of Alaska Fairbanks
Sep 03, 2025
Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids
Studies transient dynamics in a hybrid diesel microgrid during loss of wind generation and evaluates a transition from diesel spinning reserve to a battery energy storage system operating reserve using grid-forming inverters. Combines electromagnetic simulations with a power hardw...
Hernandez-Alvidrez, J. et al Sandia National Laboratories
Mar 26, 2022
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