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Fuel Cell Inverter Transition Between Modes of Operation (Grid-Forming and Grid-Following)
This NREL dataset provides data and documentation from experiments investigating how a fuel cell inverter transitions between grid-forming and grid-following modes of operation. The dataset includes time-series measurements of voltages, currents, and control signals during mode tr...
Nemsow, N. et al NLR
Dec 26, 2024
Improved Control Strategy of Grid-Forming Inverters for Fault Ride-Through in a Microgrid System
This paper develops an improved control strategy of grid-forming (GFM) inverters with fault ride-through capabilities to guarantee the stable operation of microgrids under fault conditions, especially islanded microgrids and asymmetrical faults. The proposed control strategy inclu...
Wang, J. NLR
Dec 31, 2021
Study of Seamless Microgrid Transition Operation Using Grid-Forming Inverters
This paper investigates operational techniques to achieve seamless (smooth) microgrid (MG) transitions by dispatching a grid-forming (GFM) inverter. In traditional approaches, the GFM inverter must switch between grid-following (GFL) and GFM control modes during MG transition oper...
Wang , J. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2022
Prevention of Unintentional Islands in Power Systems with Distributed Resources
This resource examines the phenomenon of unintentional islanding when a portion of the grid continues to be energized by distributed energy resources during a larger outage. It describes potential risks to safety and equipment, reviews existing standards and detection methods, and...
Kroposki, B. NLR
Aug 23, 2016
Generic Microgrid Controller Specifications
Developed by the Advanced Power and Energy Program for the U.S. Department of Energy, this document provides generic specifications for microgrid controllers. It delineates required and optional functions across four modes of operation: grid-connected, islanded, transition, and su...
Razeghi, G. et al U.S. Department of Energy
Sep 30, 2016
Creation of a Synthetic Rural Alaskan Microgrid Model
Describes the development of a synthetic benchmark power-system model representing a rural Alaskan island microgrid while avoiding disclosure of confidential critical-infrastructure data. Summarizes the methodology used to create the synthetic grid and evaluates performance throug...
Francisco, A. University of Alaska Fairbanks
Sep 03, 2025
Background Information on the Power Quality Requirements in IEEE Std 1547-2018
This document provides context for the power quality requirements contained in IEEE Std 1547-2018. It explains why limits on voltage regulation, flicker, harmonics, and unintentional islanding were specified, and how distributed energy resources should comply. The guide discusses ...
Ingram, M. et al NLR
Sep 30, 2021
Experimental Characterization Test of a Grid-Forming Inverter for Microgrid Applications
Standardized experimental testing protocols for grid forming (GFM) inverters to ensure expected operation under both normal and contingency conditions do not exist. Such protocols increase the confidence of system owner/operators that an inverter deployed in a proposed system will...
Wang, J. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2022
Black Start of Unbalanced Microgrids Harmonizing Single and Three-Phase Grid-Forming Inverters: Preprint
As power systems are transforming with increasing penetrations of inverter-based resources (IBRs), system restoration using IBRs has drawn attention. Using distributed grid-forming (GFM) assets located near critical loads, either three-phase or single-phase, to establish microgrid...
Seo, G. et al NLR
Jul 31, 2023
Revision of IEEE Std 1547: Additional Topics
This TechSurveillance article is the last in a series of four articles that describe the changes proposed for IEEE 1547, provide the rationale for these changes, and describe how they will affect the planning, design, protection, and operation of rural electric cooperative distri...
Walling, R. Walling Energy Systems Consulting, LLC
Mar 31, 2017
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