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Creation of a Synthetic Rural Alaskan Microgrid Model
Describes the development of a synthetic benchmark power-system model representing a rural Alaskan island microgrid while avoiding disclosure of confidential critical-infrastructure data. Summarizes the methodology used to create the synthetic grid and evaluates performance throug...
Francisco, A. University of Alaska Fairbanks
Sep 03, 2025
Background Information on the Power Quality Requirements in IEEE Std 1547-2018
This document provides context for the power quality requirements contained in IEEE Std 1547-2018. It explains why limits on voltage regulation, flicker, harmonics, and unintentional islanding were specified, and how distributed energy resources should comply. The guide discusses ...
Ingram, M. et al NLR
Sep 30, 2021
Experimental Characterization Test of a Grid-Forming Inverter for Microgrid Applications
Standardized experimental testing protocols for grid forming (GFM) inverters to ensure expected operation under both normal and contingency conditions do not exist. Such protocols increase the confidence of system owner/operators that an inverter deployed in a proposed system will...
Wang, J. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2022
Black Start of Unbalanced Microgrids Harmonizing Single and Three-Phase Grid-Forming Inverters: Preprint
As power systems are transforming with increasing penetrations of inverter-based resources (IBRs), system restoration using IBRs has drawn attention. Using distributed grid-forming (GFM) assets located near critical loads, either three-phase or single-phase, to establish microgrid...
Seo, G. et al NLR
Jul 31, 2023
Lithium-ion Battery Storage Technical Specifications
This FEMP publication provides technical specifications to assist federal agencies in procuring lithium-ion battery energy storage systems. It outlines requirements for system capacity, safety, performance, warranties, testing, and integration with existing infrastructure. The doc...
Program, M. U.S. Department of Energy
Apr 06, 2024
Revision of IEEE Std 1547: Additional Topics
This TechSurveillance article is the last in a series of four articles that describe the changes proposed for IEEE 1547, provide the rationale for these changes, and describe how they will affect the planning, design, protection, and operation of rural electric cooperative distri...
Walling, R. Walling Energy Systems Consulting, LLC
Mar 31, 2017
Transient Stability Study of a Real-World Microgrid with 100% Renewables
This paper performs a transient stability study of a real-world microgrid that can operate with 100% renewables to better understand the stability and reliability of the microgrid under various dynamic scenarios. In particular, the operation of multiple grid-forming (GFM) and grid...
Velaga, Y. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2021
An Overview of Distributed Energy Resource (DER) Interconnection: Current Practices and Emerging Solutions
This guidebook provides an overview of key issues for utilities and utility regulators to consider as deployments of distributed energy resources (DER) increase, including what has been tried in the field and emerging good practices. Topics covered include: Interconnection Applica...
Horowitz, K. et al NLR
Mar 31, 2019
Cyber Security Assessment of Distributed Energy Resources
New distributed energy resource (DER) interconnection standards require communications and interoperability to provide grid operators greater flexibility for delivering voltage and frequency support. These communication channels are designed to allow utilities, aggregators, and ot...
Carter, C. et al Sandia National Laboratories
May 31, 2017
High-Penetration Photovoltaic Integration Handbook for Distribution Engineers
This handbook, produced by NREL, offers practical guidance for distribution engineers facing high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems on their networks. It addresses technical challenges such as voltage regulation, protection coordination, reverse power flow, and transformer ...
Seguin, R. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2015
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