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Deep Reinforcement Learning for Microgrid Cost Optimization Considering Load Flexibility
This paper proposes a novel Soft-Actor-Critic (SAC) based Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) method for optimizing the cost of microgrid operation by leveraging load flexibility. The proposed SAC-DRL method is designed to coordinate the control of distributed energy resources (DERs...
Pei, Y. et al University of Connecticut
Dec 31, 2023
Reliability Primer
This primer provides an overview of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission’s (FERC’s) role in overseeing the reliable operation of the nation’s bulk power system, i.e., the interconnected electric grid. In order to understand FERC’s reliability program, it is useful to f...
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Apr 22, 2020
U.S. Solar Photovoltaic BESS System Cost Benchmark Q1 2020 Report (Data File)
NREL has been modeling U.S. solar photovoltaic (PV) system costs since 2009. This year, our report benchmarks costs of U.S. PV for residential, commercial, and utility-scale systems, with and without storage, built in the first quarter of 2020 (Q1 2020). The methodology includes b...
Feldman, D. et al NLR
Jan 20, 2025
Revision of IEEE Standard 1547: New Disturbance Response Requirements
This resource summarizes the new disturbance-response requirements in the revised IEEE Std 1547, covering ride through capabilities, frequency and voltage excursion tolerances, and dynamic response expectations for distributed energy resources. It likely discusses how DER must res...
Walling, R. Walling Energy Systems Consulting, LLC
Jan 31, 2017
Heila Microgrid Controller Validation Using CUBE: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-17-663
This CRADA facilitates validation of the Heila IQ controller (microgrid controller) using NREL's Consolidated Utility Base Energy (CUBE) hardware platform. The CUBE microgrid platform includes power electronics and controls to integrate PV, battery, and diesel generator assets to ...
Shirazi, M. and Mather, B. NLR
Jul 31, 2018
Preventing and Mitigating Flood Damage to Solar Photovoltaic Systems
Like impacts from other weather and environmental forces (e.g., hail, wind, snow, wildfires), flood damage can often be prevented or at least mitigated through simple, no to low--cost measures. The following technical recommendations can be added to project specification requireme...
Program, M. U.S. Department of Energy
Dec 31, 2025
GMLC Survey of Distributed Energy Resource Interconnection and Interoperability Standards
This document reports on the Grid Modernization Laboratory Consortium effort to identify gaps in standards for the interconnection and interoperability of distributed energy resources (DERs). The project extended a 3-year period from 2017 to 2019. Under the work plan, the team ide...
Narang, D. et al NLR
Feb 28, 2021
Cybersecurity Baselines for Electric Distribution Systems and DER
Defines baseline controls electric distribution utilities and DER operators should adopt and provides interim guidance for asset scoping and prioritization. Intended as a common starting point for regulators and utilities to align risk management programs.
U.S. Department of Energy, N.
Jan 31, 2024
Phase I Microgrid Cost Study: Data Collection and Analysis of Microgrid Costs in the United States
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Electricity Microgrid Cost Study project is looking at identifying the costs of components, integration and installation of U.S. microgrids and project cost improvements and technical accelerators over the next 5 years and beyond. This...
Giraldez Miner, J. et al NLR
Oct 31, 2018
Private, State, and Federal Funding and Financing Options to Enable Resilient, Affordable, and Clean Microgrids
This joint report by NARUC and the National Association of State Energy Officials compiles funding and financing mechanisms available to support microgrid projects. It describes federal grants and loan programs, state incentives, and private-sector financing models such as third-p...
National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, N.
Dec 31, 2020
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