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Design of Resilient Electric Distribution Systems for Remote Communities: Surgical Load Management using Smart Meters
This paper describes a systematic process of designing resilient electric distribution systems and microgrids using smart meters for surgical load management (SLM) as part of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). The work focuses on selection approach, integration, and interoper...
Panwar, M. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2020
Evaluation of Optimal Net Load Management in Microgrids Using Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation
This paper presents the performance evaluation of a net load management (NLM) engine that balances load and generation in an isolated community to power a critical facility after a grid interruption event (e.g., the loss of a large generation unit). This NLM engine is particularly...
Wang, J. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2021
Evaluation of Distributed Power Apportioning with Net Load Management Engine in Microgrids Using Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation
This article presents the performance evaluation of ratio consensus-based distributed power apportioning engine along with centralized net load management (NLM) engine that ensures viable and stable operation of an islanded microgrid. Managing net load variability in a microgrid w...
Chakraborty, S. et al University of Minnesota
Dec 31, 2022
Load Control for Frequency Response A Literature Review
As electricity grids employ greater fractions of renewable energy, which introduce additional variability and uncertainty in the net-load, balancing electrical load and generation becomes more challenging. This paper reviews the literature documenting physical simulations and real...
Anderson, B. et al NLR
Jan 31, 2022
Hail Damage Mitigation for Solar Photovoltaic Systems
Developed by the U.S. Army and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the AMPeRRe computational model forecasts performance, reliability, and resilience outcomes for installation power grids and microgrids. The model incorporates factors such as generation mix, load characteristics, outage...
Program, M. U.S. Department of Energy
Dec 31, 2025
PR-DRIFT: Puerto Rico Demand Response Impact and Forecast Tool
PR-DRIFT is an NREL-developed tool that models and forecasts the impacts of demand response programs on Puerto Rico's electric grid. It simulates how customer participation in demand response can reduce peak loads, provide ancillary services, and improve resilience. The tool helps...
NLR
Mar 11, 2025
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Microgrid Cost Optimization Considering Load Flexibility
This paper proposes a novel Soft-Actor-Critic (SAC) based Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) method for optimizing the cost of microgrid operation by leveraging load flexibility. The proposed SAC-DRL method is designed to coordinate the control of distributed energy resources (DERs...
Pei, Y. et al University of Connecticut
Dec 31, 2023
Dispatching Grid-Forming Inverters in Grid-Connected and Islanded Mode
This paper explores the dispatchability of grid-forming (GFM) inverters in grid-connected and islanded mode. GFM inverters usually use droop control to automatically share power with other GFM sources (inverters and synchronous generators) and follow the change in the load demand;...
Wang, J. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2023
Implementation of Advanced Grid Support Functionalities by Smart Operation of Residential Loads with low Cost Converter Interface
This paper investigates a grid-supportive load concept for small-scale residential appliances, focusing on a residential refrigerator. Power consumption is adjusted based on grid conditions to achieve IEEE-1547 grid support functions. Two key aspects are presented: a low-cost refr...
Roy Chowdhury, V. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2023
Engage Energy Modeling Tool
Engage is an interactive web-based tool from NREL that enables communities to model different energy scenarios and explore pathways toward renewable energy and emissions reduction goals. Users can simulate the effects of energy efficiency, renewable generation, storage, and transp...
NLR
Mar 18, 2025
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