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NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 4.0
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed this framework and roadmap to coordinate the development of interoperable standards for the smart grid. Release 4.0 updates previous editions by identifying key standards, gaps, and priorities across domains such ...
Gopstein, A. et al U.S. Department of Commerce
Jan 31, 2021
Residential Consumer Guide to Solar Energy
Published by the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), this guide helps consumers navigate the process of adopting residential solar power. It explains how solar photovoltaic systems work, outlines factors to consider when selecting equipment and installers, and describes fi...
Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA)
Jun 30, 2025
Updating Distributed Energy Resource Interconnection Rules A Guide for Local Authorities
This guide, produced by NREL in collaboration with IREC, provides local authorities and regulators with a roadmap for updating distributed energy resource interconnection standards to align with IEEE Std 1547-2018. It explains the technical changes introduced in the revised stand...
NLR
Jun 30, 2023
Distributed Energy Resources Rate Design and Compensation
This manual from the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners (NARUC) discusses how electric rate structures affect the adoption and operation of distributed energy resources (DER). It explores compensation mechanisms such as net metering, time-of-use rates, demand...
Design, R. National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners
Oct 31, 2016
Prevention of Unintentional Islands in Power Systems with Distributed Resources
This resource examines the phenomenon of unintentional islanding when a portion of the grid continues to be energized by distributed energy resources during a larger outage. It describes potential risks to safety and equipment, reviews existing standards and detection methods, and...
Kroposki, B. NLR
Aug 23, 2016
A Primer on the Unintentional Islanding Protection Requirement in IEEE Std 1547-2018
This primer provides an accessible explanation of the unintentional islanding protection provisions in IEEE Std 1547-2018. It describes why preventing unintentional islanding is critical, outlines testing and detection methods, and clarifies performance requirements for distribute...
Narang, D. et al NLR
Mar 31, 2022
Inverter Controls for Smooth Transition Operation and Voltage Balancing of Networked Microgrids
With increasing penetrations of distributed energy resources (DERs), researchers have extensively studied the formation and networking of microgrids to improve reliability during distribution system outages. However, these operations might require DERs in the microgrids to switch...
Sawant, J. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2022
Virtual Cable Impedance based Load Sharing in a Microgrid for Parallel Connected Grid Forming Converters
This paper presents a novel approach to power sharing between direct connected grid-forming converters, utilizing virtual cable impedance and droop-based outer loop control. To enhance stability, resistive droop is implemented, while virtual cable impedance with non-zero resistive...
Roy Chowdhury, V. et al NLR
Dec 31, 2024
Roadmap for Distributed Energy Resource Cyber Security
The Roadmap for Distributed Energy Resource Cyber Security presents a strategic plan for enhancing cybersecurity across the DER ecosystem. Developed by researchers and industry stakeholders, the roadmap identifies key risks associated with DER integration, outlines technical and o...
Johnson, J. Sandia National Laboratories
Dec 31, 2017
Distributed Wind Considerations From the IEEE 1547-2018 Revision
This technical report reviews key revisions to IEEE Std 1547-2018 from a distributed wind perspective. It outlines potential system benefits, manufacturer concerns, and implementation considerations, and provides general industry guidance to support adoption and compliance for dis...
Preus, R. et al NLR
Mar 01, 2021
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